Galileo 2010, Personal GPS Tracking Device & iPod with GPS?

The first Galileo satellite (from the 30 planned) was launched with success and is already sending its signals. Thanks to an agreement between U.S. and the European Community dual-frequency GPS receivers will be made available in the near future for consumers.

Navicon is announcing a GPS-based personal tracking device. Their new domain isn’t up yet and the current website doesn’t seem to list it as a current product, so it is sounding more like vapor for now. Some companies are already seeing the benefit of these type of devices.

What else could an iPod help you with? What about GPS?
You can already put Google Maps and Subway maps on it.

Navizon: GPS without it

The concept in theory is pretty amazing. GPS where you usually can’t have it. For that Navizon counts on information shared and uploaded by its own users with location data of Access Points obtained thru GPS devices with wireless capabilities.

Navizon is not the first effort to make use of GPS to map wireless hotspots Wigle has been doing it for a while and compiled a pretty large database of wireless hotspots, but Navizon is the first that tries to use them to “map the landscape”.

Start by creating an account at www.navizon.com, define your local area/home by drawing a rectangle over an area on Google Maps. Make it reasonably small since you will need to download data from the whole area while syncing with the Navizon server.

Download & install the Navizon client to your PocketPC PDA (or Symbian equipped device). Then set up your username and password for your account and configure the settings for your GPS.

Yep, there is quite some work to be done to get started. If you have a GSM phone you can use it instead of a wireless-equipped PDA. You also have the choice to disable those popup’s that inform when a wireless network is available, but you will need to soft reset the PDA if you decide to re-enable the popup’s.

Peer-to-peer

Now for example, you turn wireless on and plug your GPS card, walk around the neighborhood and start collecting data about the existing access points in your area. If everything goes as planned, you will obtain a fix with the GPS receiver and will be able to see how many access points were found along the way.

That will cause Navizon to store the precise location data obtained thru your GPS device of those AP’s. When you get a working connection to an open hotspot you can upload the session data to the Navizon server. That will also cause the download of data from their server for your selected area.


The idea here is that if you live in a metropolis like NY (from where the Navizon folks spread their goods) or downtown SF where GPS doesn’t work that reliably you can use Navizon as a software-based GPS using the AP location data as geographic references. This way you can use wireless for navigation (or GSM, based on the location of cell towers). Pretty neat concept. In fact, Intel is also playing with the idea.

Navigating through Access Points

Now that you have a reasonable amount of information about a given area, you can setup Navizon to use that data instead of your GPS receiver. Check the configuration dialog in Navizon for the output port. There you can set a virtual COM port for your GPS software to read the output from Navizon data.

That’s where the magic happens: instead of reading NMEA data from the COM port where your GPS receiver is usually connected to, you set Navizon with “No GPS” and its output port to an available virtual COM port, COM4 for example. Now configure your GPS software like GPSDash, PocketTopo and anything else to open the GPS receiver on that same COM4 and voila. You got GPS without it.

In practice you might run into issues where contention between the apps might freeze your PDA or some pretty erratic behavior where the location on your map might zigzag between points without much logic. According to Navizon’s FAQ, the more information you obtain around a given area, the more precise its behavior will become.

POI Data

Navizon provides a search tab where you can invoke a search on Google Local with your current location. The same with the PDA-based maps from MapQuest. From the results obtained from Google Local you can zoom into the map image to check where is the closest pizza or coffee shop around. But for that you will need to be close to an open hotspot.

Back to the Navizon website you can check on a Google Map which data you have provided, the coverage in your area (green for open ap’s and red ballons for closed ones) and manage a buddy list to share your location among a group of friends, similar to what Mologogo is doing with Java-based phones and PDA’s.

If you don’t want to share your information, you can use Navizon Solo ($19.99) but you won’t have access to the information shared through their webserver either. On the other hand, if you are really into sharing you can also upload log files generated by applications like NetStumbler and WiFiFoFun.

Using it

Navizon uses Frason Virtual Com ports to simulate 4 satellites for GPS-enabled apps. It puts them 90 degrees apart and it does work but in an erratic fashion. Somehow the Toshiba e755 died after trying it for a while. My guess is that you need to have it charged above 75% to have it running smoothly. I got PocketTopo and GpsDash to pinpoint my exact location on a map but it would switch position frequently not sure exactly why. I can’t say it was a smooth transition to have the Wireless Positioning converted into map coordinates. At least not visually.

Navizon also has to work some of its kinks when you try to start it up. Sometimes it will say that you don’t have wireless on when in fact you do, but this might be related to the Toshiba chip itself and PPC 2002. Others times it will take quite a while to switch between Wireless navigation and GPS when you do have coordinates available for it.

But somehow I got to track more than a hundred AP’s and when I was close to an open AP, able to upload them to their server. Notice that you will only be able to use its search features when a wireless connection is available, otherwise you will only be grabbing data. This is similar to the usage of A2B’s Navio. If you leave in a big city it might be easy to track an open AP and a GPS fix simultaneously, otherwise it might be a tough game to follow. But the whole concept and implementation are quite amazing. Many kudos.

GPS and Leap Seconds

If you ever tried to understand how GPS works, you know that precise measurement of time to obtain distances is a big part of it. This year you will need to adjust your atomic clock by dropping a second to keep up with Earth’s slow down. But you won’t need to bother about adjusting your GPS receiver.

That because GPS doesn’t use UTC (Universal Time Clock) for its measurements. According to this site: “GPS time, is the atomic time scale implemented by the atomic clocks in the GPS ground control stations and the GPS satellites themselves. GPS time was zero at 0h 6-Jan-1980 and since it is not perturbed by leap seconds GPS is now ahead of UTC by 13 seconds.”

Digital Map Providers

A recent change in the map provider by Google Maps triggered an interesting discussion about the quality and precision of different data providers.

Because of the huge effort required to keep this data up-to-date, the free TIGER database is asking for help, private companies like Navteq (previously NavTech) used by the majority of car navigation systems and TeleAtlas are the main digital map providers in US. According to this great article DeLorme used GDT (acquired by TeleAtlas) in its products, but moved back to the TIGER database plus their own updates.

There are guys out there driving around with GPS as a full-time job to keep this map data without many holes, exploring new developments, streets and changes in traffic roads as this story describes how these street maps are compiled by NavTeq and TeleAtlas.

Telcontar develops Drill Down Server used in maps provided by Google, Yahoo, Rand McNally and AskJeeves. It supplies geocoding, routing, spatial search plus traffic data for road conditions and detours.

In its most recent issue, in an article about Stanley, the driverless Touareg that won the Darpa competiton Wired gives us a glimpse of what Intel and NavTeq are working on: NavTeq is not only checking on new streets and road directions but also slope, road width and speed limits so you can in the future let your car take you wherever you choose so you can enjoy the view.

Nuvi Review & Santa’s GPS Log

Mr. Walter S. Mossberg writes about the Nuvi from Garmin in his weekly column for the Wall Street Journal which is republished by other papers across U.S. And PR Newswire reports that S.A.N.T.A.’s trip was logged by GPS.

DeLorme Street Atlas HandHeld

Found a fair deal on eBay for a DeLorme Street Atlas USA Handheld (Program & Data CD’s) and decided to give it a try. I commented a bit on it just before the PaPaGo review.

If you decide to install the whole US Data CD on a hard disk it will require 650Mbytes of space. The program itself will use about 600 MBytes. The PDA package will take about 1.5Mbytes of RAM. But you can have the map files on a SD or CF card.

DeLorme Street Atlas USA Handheld installs on a Host PC and on a PocketPC (or Palm) PDA. It has the same unconventional and not quite intuitive user interface as the Street Atlas USA without the GPS and Voice tabs (Print and Draw are also removed). There is one Service Pack available for download that provides some bug fixes on their website and a new .dat file that corrects a magnetic declication issue. I had to uninstall ActiveSync 4.1 used with Windows Mobile 5.0 and reinstall the 3.8 version after DeLorme start failing to sync its files with the device.

Street Atlas doesn’t actually transfer files to the PDA directly but it uses the syncĂ­ng mechanism provided by ActiveSync to have the job done. So this is a two step process: first you prepare a file to be synced to the device, then depending you how you have ActiveSync set up you either have the files automatically transferred to the PDA when they are copied to the Pocket PC My Documents folder, or by the next time you establish a connection to it or have them manually synced.

Preparing a map

DeLorme divides a map into rectangles, you select which ones you want to transfer, saves them as a .pdb file and then prepare the files to be synced to the PDA. A map with 25 rectangles resulted in a 1.5 MBytes file, enough to cover a radius of 7 miles around downtown Santa Cruz, CA. Remember that you are also copying all the POI’s info while doing it.

After syncing the files to the PDA you can have them copied to a SD card manually. In the PDA select Data | Maps… to load a new map. To have the SD card scanned for map files, hit the Directory button to add it (and any other directory you want to add) to the “Directories of Maps” list. Remember to remove them from the \My Documents directory so you don’t have two entries in the list (and save the corresponding space for RAM usage).

Creating routes

You can create routes either in the Host PC package and then transfer them to the PDA or create a direct or road route in the PDA itself. To create a route in the Host program, select on the map the start location and right click the mouse. Select Create Route | Set as start. Same for the end of a route. You have the choice to transfer an active route when preparing to sync a given map. That will cause a .rte file to also be placed in the PocketPC My Documents folder.

Routes can also be created on the PDA itself on top of existing maps, notice the warning about routes that go across different maps that might give you direction errors. More on this later on.

On the PDA there is no option to create a route from your current location by using GPS, you still need to provide the start and end point of a route by selecting Tools | Create Route, tap to mark the start point, tap again to set the end point and then hit the highway icon to calculate the shortest or quickest route.

You can use the Find… option to look for POI’s and then set it as an end (or start) point for a route. Remember that you’ll only be able to search for locations covered by the maps you have transferred from the Host PC.

Test Drive

After you transfer the route to the PDA you need to have it loaded (Data | Routes | select desired route | Go To), turn the GPS on (GPS | Connect) and finally tell the package to track your trip (Tracking… | select route | Start Tracking). All these steps are completely automated in PaPaGo. On SAHH you are required to perform at least a dozen taps to get there. If your location matches the start of your route a voice with pre-recorded messages will start announcing the directions you should take.

Like PaPago, SAHH doesn’t use a Text-to-Speach engine to read from but full sentences in this case with a male voice. You will hear once to turn or bear left or right as soon as you make a turn. For highway exits the announcements are made a bit too close. This is another change made to their newest version. At the end you realize that you have to spend a good chunk of time actually looking at the directions instead of listening to them.

The map is always aligned on its North direction, even while you are tracking a map, no option is available to change this setting. To zoom in and out of a map you need to use the main navigation button of your PDA there are no menu options or soft buttons available in the package itself.

“Unknown road”

If you deviate from a designated route, you will hear an “off route” announcement and an exclamation icon will show up on the screen. This requires that you click over the icon in order to have a new route be calculated, there isn’t an option to make it happen automatically which adds quite a distraction to your driving. Every re-route track is saved under routes and you will have to delete one by one if you don’t want to keep them around, which usually will be the case.
Among the features listed in the “what’s new” in the 2006 version you will find that DeLorme added quite a few more roads and changed the way exits from highways are handled. Besides the extra work required to set up routes, GPS tracking and all, the real issues show up when you try to actually get where you want with the HandHeld version of Street Atlas.

This time I didn’t actually know where my destination was, I had never been there. So perfect use case. I decided to test the off-route handling and things went haywire from then on. DeLorme didn’t know about the recently paved road just in front of us and took us on a longer route. Coincidentally that same road was closed for construction so we had to back out and take the road unknown to DeLorme. The map finally matched reality and we were able to get there.

You can build the reverse route on the PDA and on the way back I decided to follow the originally planned route. The map was pointing the way ahead as a straight road from my current position and if I had gone thru with it I would be probably trying to get my car out of a muddy strawberry field by now. I turned right instead to get to the highway and the directions did match the road after that, what on a rainy night in an unknown area was quite a relief.

Map Quality

I had similar problems with the Windows version of DeLorme while driving in San Francisco. The route would ask me to turn left on an unexisting road or where a relatively old avenue had been built. The issue here is not a bad engine, but a bad map. PaPaGo uses TeleAtlas maps and provides a much better experience than DeLorme.

Besides the free TIGER database used by DeLorme on its map software, Navteq (previously NavTech) and TeleAtlas are the main digital map providers in US. DeLorme adds its own updates to the TIGER data and you can also submit your own map corrections.

According to the DeLorme’s website you can use map data from other packages including the desktop edition of Street Atlas with the HandHeld package. You can in fact save maps and transfer .pdb and .rte files to a PDA but you will need the HandHeld package to view a map/route.

You can access the HandHeld tab from the DeLorme Street and Atlas product if you have it installed in your PC (XMap HandHeld Pro seems to have been dropped from their product line, you can use Street Atlas HandHeld to view map data generated by XMap products from their professional line).

From DeLorme’s website: Street Atlas USA is compatible with maps provided with “XMap 4.5, XMap/GIS Editor, Topo USA 5.0 and Street Atlas USA 2005 and 2004 (but not previous versions of Street Atlas USA, including versions 9.0 and earlier, Street Atlas USA Deluxe, or Street Atlas USA Road Warrior Edition).”

Conclusion

[Update] One of the major drawbacks from this package is the need to interact with it when a reroute is required. If that happens the best is to stop and deal with it unless you got someone to use the PDA while you drive. And this issue hasn’t been fixed in the 2006 version.

You need a lot of effort to keep maps updated and it is not an easy job to keep up-to-date all the street maps of the whole U.S. I tried a year old version of DeLorme maps and found holes right away. I might try the 2006 updates and report back but so far I’m not impressed by their precision. All the extra work required to transfer maps & routes and have them set up for GPS tracking doesn’t seem necessary with competing products offering a much better experience.

The advantages include the full street map of U.S. cities for a reasonable price (if you happen to live and drive already established neighborhoods) and pretty complete and up-to-date Point-Of-Interest database. If you are interested in a updated version of Street Atlas USA 2006 (not the HandHeld version), BestBuy is selling it for $19.99 after rebates.

GPS News

Wired reports on how GPS could provide early warning signs for Tsunamis. New York Times describes a more precise navigational system for airports.

Galileo First Launch

The first Galileo satellite, GIOVE A (Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element) is scheduled for launch from Kazakhstan on a Soyuz rocket at approximately 12:19 a.m. EST on Dec 28th. “This is the first demonstration satellite for Europe’s Galileo navigation system.” BBC put together a pretty informative Q&A on Galileo.

Russia also launched three satellites of their own navigation system: GLONASS. And U.S. will launch a second modernized version of a NAVSTAR (GPS 2R-M2) satellite sometime next year.

GPS tracks non-stop bird flight

In a program sponsored by the “American Bird Conservancy” researchers were able to track a Christmas Island frigate using GPS on a record 26 days non-stop 4,000 kilometers flight while looking for food for her chicks.

Tracking Geofences

AccuTracking provides a free tracking service for personal use. You can set up to 4 phones with them. I mentioned their service on a previous post about location services.

You install their midlet on a GPS-enabled phone, like the i415 for example or any other listed on their website, create an account and generate an ID for your phone. Setup the midlet on the phone with the generated ID, establish how often you want the phone to upload its position and if it should keep the GPS chip on or not (default is cold GPS, less power usage). The midlet also has a virtual compass.

After sending a position from the phone, check the account under Tracking to obtain a map, based on Google, USGS Topo and Aero photos. You can then set a geofence (in feet) around that point, and get notified if the phone gets out or inside (or both) the fence. Notifications can be sent by email or to an SMS address. If you let the midlet run in background, it will update its location continually.

If you click over the username at the website, you will be able to see a history of the most recent points on a Google Map, with information about heading, speed and coordinates.

Accutracking also offers stickers (and the corresponding HTML code) that you can place in a webpage, including current position as a link or a graphical image and the recent location history. This type of service is common among shipping services so that companies can track their deliveries or service providers.

Among personal use one can argue that this is a pretty big invasion of privacy, but someone should make sure it has the phone owner’s (or user) agreement to do that. Valid cases include seniors and pets. But things might easily get out of hand.